Pdf biodegradation and bioremediation of explosives. Specific plants are cultivated at the sites of polluted soil. Higher plants are being used to enhance the remediation of soils contaminated with recalcitrant organic compounds, but the mechanisms of dissipation have not been established. Bioremediation is a process used to treat contaminated media, including water, soil and subsurface material, by altering environmental conditions to stimulate growth of microorganisms and degrade the target pollutants.
I have been a stay at home mom for almost 5 years and i am so excited to be able to still stay home, take care of my children and make a living taking surveys on my own computer. Technologies for cleaning up contaminated sites us epa. The papers attached below delve deeper into these concepts. This technology did not live up to its initial promise. Bioremediation, contaminants, monitoring and saturation received 16 march 2011. Microorganisms used to perform the function of bioremediation are known as bioremediators 1. Phytoremediation seminar report, ppt, pdf for chemical. Aquatic plants can be used in bioremediation phytoremediation especially to remediate sites contaminated with heavy metals. Typical in situ phytoremediation system phytoremediation is a process that uses plants to remove, transfer, stabilize, and destroy contaminants in soil and sediment.
Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf phytoremediation and bioremediation of pesticidecontaminated soil article pdf available in applied sciences 104. Epa uses a variety of technologies to ensure contaminants are either removed from a site or treated so they no longer pose a threat to human health and the environment. Read this article to learn about the biodegradation and bioremediation in details with diagrams. The bioremediation and phytoremediation of pesticide. In particular, bioremediation is often used to mean using beneficial bacteria and microorganisms, phytoremediation uses plants, and mycoremediation uses fungi and mushrooms. Hindu college, nagercoil, tamil nadu, india key words. One plant, arabidopsis thaliana has been genetically modified to overexpress two bacterial genes, arsc and gecs1. These web pages provide information for technical staff, regulators, site owners and researchers to help identify contaminants and assess their potential threats, characterize. Bioremediation and phytoremediation are innovative technologies that have the potential to alleviate.
That is the key difference between bioremediation and phytoremediation. Figure 22 illustrates the differences between the two. This chapter discusses the use of bioremediation and phytoremediation coupled with electrokinetics and presents the elements contributing to the success of the remediation process. Pdf bioremediation and phytoremediation of pesticides. The degradation of noxious waste from the environment using microorganisms is called as bioremediation. Bioremediation technology used to treat soilssediment contaminated with organic compounds using solid phase organic amendments pdf file epaord soil and sediment washing bioremediation technology for degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons pdf file. One possible step in the phytoremediation process is adsorpti on of the. Evaluation of phytoremediation and bioremediation for.
Bioremediation is the use of living organisms, primarily microorganisms, to degrade environmental contaminants. Difference between bioremediation and phytoremediation. Phytoremediation is a subcategory of bioremediation which only uses green plants to clean the environment. Phytoremediation represents a group of innovative technologies that use plants and natural processes to remediate or stabilize hazardous wastes in soil, sediments, surface water, or groundwater. Phytoremediation works with the natural capabilities of plants to repair and regenerate toxic soils, groundwater and surface water. Bioremediation can be grouped into two broad types. Phytoremediation is the process which uses only the green plants to decontaminate the environment. Develop a format that is accessible to epa and state regulators and others who need to evaluate alternate remedial technologies, as. Bioremediation and sustainability is an uptodate and comprehensive treatment of research and applications for some of the most important lowcost, green, emerging technologies in chemical and environmental engineering.
Explore phytoremediation with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. Various bioremediation techniques can be applied in situ or ex situ and under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Bioremediation uses living things to break down or remove toxins and harmful substances from soil and water. Bioremediation and phytoremediation of pesticides taylor. Innovative solutions for challenges facing the field application of the new.
The term phytoremediation comes from the ancient greek word phyto meaning plant and the latin word remedium meaning restoring balance. For example, water hyacinth eichhornia crassipes has been used for purifying not only domestic wastewater but also industrial wastewater. Bioremediation can be used at the site of contamination in situ or on contamination removed from the original site ex situ. Enhancement of bioremediation and phytoremediation using. It is a technology that uses plants to treat environmental pollution. Phytoremediation, the use of plants to remediate environmental media, is being pursued as a new approach for the cleanup of contaminated soils and waters, including groundwater. Treating contaminated soils onsite at bioremediation facilities.
Phytoremediation is an emerging bioremediation technology that uses the plant to remove contaminants from soil and water. Bioremediation is the overall process developed by humans to clean the environment using biological organisms, especially microorganisms. The sys tematic study on phytoremediation for heavy metal con taminated soils is from 1980s, and that for organic con taminants is more recent 4,7,8. It can be used to detoxify sites containing metals, pesticides, solvents, explosives, crude oil, hydrocarbons, and landfill leachates. These processes can potentially be used for bioremediation of radioactively contaminated areas. Phytoremediation is the direct use of living plants for in situ remediation of contaminated soil, sludges, sediments, and ground water through contaminant removal, degradation, or containment. Applied bioremediation and phytoremediation springerlink. Its so easy to get started and i plan to make enough money each week so that my husband can actuallly quit his second job. Because it is based on natural processes, phytoremediation may be easily adaptable to many redevelopment plans for brownfields sites.
Epa awards and manages the overall grant for this center. Bioremediation and sustainability wiley online books. Phytoremediation has attracted increasing attention and is a promising technology for addressing soil contamination problems. Applications of bioremediation and phytoremediation. Phytoremediation may be applied to polluted soil or static water environment. Phytoremediation of contaminated soils using ornamental. A plant has a potential for accumulating, immobilizing, and transforming a low level of persistent contaminants. Pdf phytoremediation download full pdf book download. History of bioremediation 1972 first commercial application. Limitations phytoremediation is limited to the surface area and depth occupied by the roots. Biodegradation or biological degradation is the phenomenon of biological transformation of organic compounds by living organisms, particularly the microorganisms. Bioremediation is an option that offers the possibility to destroy or render harmless various contaminants using natural biological activity. A list of plants used in phytoremediation is given in table 9.
Unlike other kinds of remediation plants, ornamental plants grown for decorative purposes in gardens and landscape design projects have been an important source of remediation plants in recent years. Browse the list of issues and latest articles from international journal of phytoremediation. According to the usepa, phytoremediation phytoplant, remediation correct evil is the use plants to extract, contain, volatilize or destroy pollutants such as trace elements, metals, pesticides, explosives and oil in the environment. Anyway, much progress has been made in phytoremediation of various contami nants, and in the means for enhanced phytoremediation. Pdf the use of genetically modified or native microorganisms and plants to degrade or remove pollutants has emerged as a powerful.
Sites that have shallow, low levels of contaminants are the best candidates for phytoremediation. Bioremediation is a key technology that has proven to be of inestimable value for the control and management of contaminants with the aid of microorganisms. Phytoremediation and bioremediation of land contaminated by pahs, pcbs, and tnt epa grant number. The most positive characteristics are that phytoremediation is a natural and in study on application of phytoremediation technology in management and remediation of contaminated soils. Bioremediation bioremediation is the productive utilization of living systems to degrade, detoxify, transform, immobilize or stabilize toxic environmental contaminants goal to degrade the pollutants that are either undetectable or if detectable to concentrations that are safe or acceptable by the regulatory agencies intrinsic bioremediation also known as natural attenuation is an in situ bioremediation technique, which involves passive remediation of polluted sites, without any external force human intervention. Bioremediation and phytoremediation are innovative technologies that have the.
Applications of bioremediation and phytoremediation article pdf available in science progress 96pt 4. Development of profitable phytoremediation of contaminated. One discusses microbial bioremediation of certain metals. Final report phytoremediation and bioremediation of land. Bioremediation by use of plants constitutes phytoremediation.
Volume 22 2020 volume 21 2019 volume 20 2018 volume 19 2017 volume 18 2016 volume 17 2015 volume 16 2014 volume 15 20 volume 14 2012 volume 20102011. Also explore the seminar topics paper on phytoremediation with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year chemical engineering chem or ieee chemical btech, be, mtech students for the year. Phytoremediation types of phytoremediation notes pdf. The soil was spiked with tph at different levels 2. It designates all vegetation based remediation measures. Phytoremediation is the use of plants and trees to clean up contaminated soil and water. Bioremediation by plants is called phytoremediation. Bioremediation o conducted under controlled conditions, biositesm bioremediation uses a combination of chemicals and microorganisms to naturally break down hazardous materials into nonhazardous substances that can be recycled or buried in conventional landfills. The health effects of arsenic include liver, lung, kidney and bladder cancers. This file is licensed under the creative commons attributionshare alike 4. Sun oil pipeline spill in ambler, pennsylvania 1970s continuing bioremediation projects by richard raymond of sun oil mid1980s emphasis on bioengineering organisms for bioremediation. Bioremediation is concerned with the biological restoration and rehabilitation of historically contaminated sites and with the cleanup of areas contaminated in more recent times, either accidentally or incidentally, as a result of the production, storage, transport.
Bioremediation is the overall process of decontamination of the environment using biological agents including microorganisms and plants. Research has demonstrated that there are very few environments where microbes have not. Research studies conducted all over the globe established that bioremediation play a promising role in minimizing environmental contamination. The use of plants in conjunction with plant associated bacteria rhizosphere or endophytic offers greater potential for bioremediation of organic. Plants can help bind, extract, transform and clean up many kinds of pollution including metals, pesticides, chlorinated solvents, polychlorinated biphenyls pcbs, explosives, radionuclides and petroleum hydrocarbons. Phytoremediation and plantassisted bioremediation in soil and. Pdf phytoremediation and bioremediation of pesticide.
Bioremediation techniques are designed to break down contaminants via the stimulation of microorganisms which use the contamination as an energy source for development and growth. List of issues international journal of phytoremediation. Biodegradation basically involves the conversion of complex organic molecules to simpler and. Plant assisted bioremediation, sometimes referred to as a type of. Applications of bioremediation and phytoremediation sage journals. Pdf applications of bioremediation and phytoremediation. Rhizodegradation, also called enhanced rhizosphere biodegradation, phytostimulation, or plantassisted bioremediationdegradation, is the breakdown of. The applications of bio and phytoremediation systems were used to breakdown low level total petroleum hydrocarbons tph in a contaminated. As an emerging hopeful technology, phytoremediation for using in management and remediation of contaminated soils has its advantages and limitations. A deep discussion and an overview of the current advancement in the biotechnologies are outlined in details.
Phytoremediation acknowledgements glossary bibliography biographical sketch summary a brief outline of the development of bioremediation technologies is presented. Examples where phytoremediation has been used successfully include the restoration of abandoned metal mine workings, and sites where polychlorinated biphenyls have been dumped during manufacture and mitigation of ongoing coal mine discharges reducing the impact of. Bioremediation comes from two words bios means life and remediate means to decipher an issue. As one would expect, phytoremediation works best where contaminant levels are low and other environmental factors are not limiting. Microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, algae etc take part in bioremediation. Intrinsic bioremediation manages the innate capabilities of naturally occurring microbial communities to degrade environmental pollutants without taking any engineering steps to enhance the process. The mechanisms of phytoremediation include enhanced rhizosphere biodegradation, phytoextraction also called phytoaccumulation, phytodegradation, and phytostabilization. Phytoremediation available for download and read online in other formats. In the last decade, phytoremediation studies have been conducted on a vast scale. The article focuses on the key concepts associated with bioremediation. Study on application of phytoremediation technology in. The major features and limitations are discussed, and an overview of the current state of the art in field applications is sketched.